United States customs rules & duty-free allowances

Last reviewed July 2, 2026·Official source

The U.S. enforces strict biosecurity rules: declare all agricultural items (food, plants, seeds, soil) or face fines up to $10,000. Cash over $10,000 must be declared on FinCEN Form 105. These rules apply to all non-resident adult travelers entering the U.S. in 2026.

Duty-free allowances

Alcohol
1.0 L
1 liter of alcoholic beverages (over 22% ABV) OR 2 liters of wine/beer (under 22% ABV). Must be 21+ to import. Duty-free value up to $800 (USD).
Tobacco
200 cigarettes
or 50 cigars / 250 g
Cash to declare
$10,000
Any amount over $10,000 USD (or equivalent in foreign currency) must be declared on FinCEN Form 105. Failure can result in seizure and penalties.
Goods duty-free
$800
Duty-free allowance for personal goods and gifts up to $800 retail value. Above $800, a flat 3% duty applies on the next $1,000, then standard rates. Family members can pool exemptions.

Prohibited — banned from import

  • Illegal narcotics and drug paraphernalia
  • Firearms and ammunition (unless with ATF permit and declared)
  • Counterfeit currency, goods, or trademark-infringing items
  • Endangered species products (e.g., ivory, tortoiseshell, furs) without CITES permit
  • Certain agricultural products (e.g., fresh fruits, vegetables, raw meat) from restricted countries
  • Obscene materials and child pornography

Restricted — allowed with a permit or declaration

  • Prescription medications (especially controlled substances) – require DEA approval for >90-day supply
  • Firearms and ammunition – must be declared and meet ATF requirements; some states ban certain types
  • Plants, seeds, and soil – require USDA APHIS permit or inspection
  • Drones and radio equipment – may require FCC approval for certain frequencies
  • Cultural artifacts and antiques – may require export certificate from country of origin

Arriving: red vs green channel

After deplaning, follow signs to U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). There is no red/green channel; all travelers must present a paper or electronic Customs Declaration (CBP Form 6059B) to an officer. If you have nothing to declare, simply answer truthfully and proceed.

Bringing medication

Personal medications in original containers with a prescription label are allowed for up to a 90-day supply. Controlled substances (e.g., opioids, stimulants) require prior approval from the DEA. Some common medications (e.g., codeine, diphenhydramine in large quantities) may be restricted. Always carry a doctor's note.

Food, plants & animal products

All food, plants, seeds, soil, and animal products must be declared. Banned items include fresh fruits/vegetables, most meats (especially pork from certain countries), and raw eggs. Processed, commercially packaged foods are generally allowed. Failure to declare can result in fines up to $10,000.

Rules worth knowing

Agricultural Declaration Required

You must declare all food, plants, seeds, soil, and animal products. Even a single apple from your flight can trigger a fine if not declared. The 'Don't Pack a Pest' campaign is serious.

Cash Declaration is Strict

Any monetary instrument over $10,000 USD (including checks, money orders, and traveler's checks) must be declared on FinCEN Form 105. Failure can lead to seizure and criminal penalties.

Gifts and Personal Goods Limit

Duty-free allowance is $800 retail value per person. Family members can combine exemptions (e.g., a family of 4 can bring $3,200 duty-free). Above $800, a flat 3% duty applies on the next $1,000, then standard rates.

State Laws May Apply

Even if federal customs allows an item, state laws may prohibit it (e.g., certain firearms, alcohol, or cannabis products). Check state regulations before bringing items.

Frequently asked questions

Your duty-free allowance is $800. On the remaining $400, a flat 3% duty applies ($12). If the total value exceeds $1,800, standard duty rates apply on the excess.
Yes, as of 2026, U.S. residents and non-residents may bring Cuban cigars and rum for personal use, up to the duty-free limits (50 cigars, 1 liter of alcohol). However, you must still declare them.
Yes. All international travelers must clear U.S. Customs and Border Protection at the first U.S. airport they arrive at, even if connecting to another domestic flight. You'll collect your luggage, go through customs, then re-check it.
Yes, in reasonable quantities for personal use (e.g., 90-day supply). Keep them in original packaging. Large quantities may raise suspicion of commercial importation.
No, the threshold is $10,000 USD (or equivalent). However, if you have any monetary instruments (e.g., traveler's checks) that bring the total over $10,000, you must declare.
Commercially packaged, shelf-stable items like chocolate, hard cheese, and baked goods are generally allowed. Fresh fruits, vegetables, and raw meats are prohibited or restricted. Always declare all food items.
CBP can seize the item, issue a fine (up to $10,000 for agricultural violations), and in serious cases, bring criminal charges. Honest mistakes are often resolved with a warning or small fine, but intentional concealment is treated harshly.